Vol. 7, Issue 2, Part A (2025)

Ferrite nanoparticles, characterized by the chemical formula Ni0.2MgxZn0.8-xFe2O4 (where x ranges from 0.0 to 0.8 in increments of 0.2), were successfully synthesized using the innovative Citrate-Gel Auto Combustion method at a low temperature. The resulting powders underwent sintering at 500°C for 4 hours in air, followed by comprehensive characterization through X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) combined with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). The XRD analysis unequivocally confirmed the presence of a single cubic spinel structure in the prepared samples. The crystallite sizes (D) ranged impressively from 25 to 74 nm, showcasing the impact of synthesis conditions. Notably, as magnesium substitution increased, a discernible trend was observed: the lattice parameter (a) decreased while the X-ray density (dx) increased. The surface morphology, meticulously examined via SEM, provided further insight, while EDS offered a detailed analysis of the elemental composition. The compelling results derived from this study can be effectively explained by the interplay between composition and crystallite size, underscoring the significance of these findings in the field of ferrite material research.